American Literature Assignment #6

October 15 & 17, 2007

1.  Reading:

This week we will continue our reading of Hawthorne’s novel.  Read chapters four through nine, summarizing each concisely when you finish it.  (Due Monday, October 22).

2. Vocabulary:

1.  Lugubrious:  Mournful, dismal, or gloomy, especially to an exaggerated or ludicrous degree.

2.  Metamorphosis:  A marked change in appearance, character, condition, or function; a transformation.  In biology, a change in the form of an animal during normal development after the embryonic stage.

3.  Mitosis:  The process in cell division by which the nucleus divides, typically consisting of four stages.

4.  Moiety:  A half; a part, portion, or share:  “Tom divided the cake and Becky ate with good appetite, while Tom nibbled at his moiety”  (The Adventures of Tom Sawyer).

5.  Nanotechnology:  The science and technology of building devices, such as electronic circuits, from individual atoms and molecules.

6.  Nihilism:  In philosophy, an extreme form of skepticism that denies that existence is real; the belief that all values are baseless and that nothing can be known or communicated.  In 19th century Russia, a movement that scorned authority and believed in reason, materialism, and radical change in society through terrorism and assassination.

7.  Nomenclature:  A system of names used in art or science; the procedure of assigning names to organisms listed in a taxonomic classification.

8.  Notarize:  To certify or attest to the validity of a signature on a document as a notary public.

9.  Obsequious:  Full of or exhibiting servile compliance; fawning.

10.  Oligarchy:  Government by a few, especially by a small faction of persons or families.

“For they that are discontented under monarchy call it tyranny; and they that are displeased with aristocracy call it oligarchy:  so also, they which find themselves grieved under a democracy call it anarchy” (Thomas Hobbes, Leviathon).

3.  Writing:

Answer each of the following questions in a well-developed paragraph of five to twelve sentences.  Use details from the book to compose your answers.  Be sure that each paragraph begins with a clear, direct, active topic sentence.  These are due on Wednesday, October 24.

1.       What do the women of the town think of Hester Prynne, and how do they treat her?

2.       Describe Hester’s physical appearance and some of her character traits.

3.       Describe the Reverend Dimmesdale; what do the people think of him?

4.       Comment on the significance of the names:  Dimmesdale, Chillingsworth, Pearl.

5.       Discuss Hester’s needlework: Why does she do it; what do others think of it; how is it connected to her scarlet letter?

6.       Describe Pearl.

7.       Describe Roger Chillingsworth and his special skills; explain how he and Dimmesdale became friends.

4.  Finger Exercises:

Rewrite each of the following sentences using active verbs in the active voice:

1.  The colony was founded by Puritans, hopeful that their life in the wilderness would be shaped by Providence and their own hard work.

2.  “Some sweet moral blossom” is symbolized by the rose-bush that grows in the shadow of the prison-door.

3.  The narrator of the story seems to be unable to write because he is haunted by his daunting ancestor.

4.  Hestor appears to be unrepentant as she is viewed by the community.

5.  Her attention is arrested by a strange, mis-shapen man who is seen at the edge of the crowd.

6.  Hestor’s rebellion is reflected in her little daughter’s wild behavior, and the mother is appalled.

7.  Hestor is instructed by Chillingsworth, her husband, to remain silent about his identity.

8.  At the governor’s palace, Pearl is disappointed to find that the roses and other plants have been destroyed by drought and neglect.