AP US History Test Name:__________________
Chapters 21-22 Date:___________________
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best
completes the statement or answers the question.
1) "Everybody is talkin'
these days about. . .growin' rich on graft, but
nobody thinks of drawin' the distinction between
honest graft and dishonest graft. . .There's an honest graft, and I'm an
example of how it works. I might sum up
the whole thing by sayin': 'I seen my opportunities
and I took 'em.'" This author was an example of 1) _______
A) the
Social Gospel movement.
B) the
Knights of Labor.
C) boss
or machine politics.
D) the
settlement house movement.
2) The most notorious
of all city bosses was 2) _______
A) Jacob Riis. B) William Marcy Tweed.
C) Daniel P. Moynihan.
D) "Hinky
Dink" Kenna.
3) Political campaigns during the late
nineteenth century were characterized by 3)
_______
A) honesty
and integrity.
B) extensive
debate on the major issues.
C) character
assassination, bribery, and fraud.
D) extremely
low voter turnout.
4) Big-city political bosses and their machines
emerged in the late nineteenth century because 4) _______
A) the
middle-class could use them to manipulate the new immigrants.
B) most
immigrants knew little about democracy.
C) Protestant churches sought
to use them to clean up city governments.
D) factory
owners encouraged them.
5) The dramatic "Cross of Gold" speech
won the 1896 Democratic presidential nomination for 5) ______
A) Ignatius Donnelly. B) Grover
C) Thomas Watson. D) William
6) According to your text, the election of 1896
marked the 6) ______
A) salvation
of the country from revolution.
B) success
of the Populists in uniting southern and northern farmers.
C) emergence
of labor as an independent and powerful voting bloc.
D) coming-of-age of modern
7) The small-town businessman who led an
"army" of the unemployed on a march to
A) George Pullman. B) Eugene Debs.
C) Mark Harvey. D) Jacob Coxey.
8) "I am proud to have on my side in this
campaign the support of those who call themselves the common people. If I had behind me the great trusts and
combinations, I know that I would no sooner take my seat than they would demand
that I use my power to rob the people in their behalf." The above author was 8) ______
A) William
C) William McKinley. D) Roscoe Conkling.
9) During the Gilded Age, the major political
parties 9) ______
A) seriously
debated the major issues.
B) dealt
effectively with the tariff.
C) granted
women the vote.
D) equivocated
constantly.
10) The Pendleton Act of 1883 was a triumph for
those Americans who sought __________ reform. 10) ______
A) monetary
B) immigration
C) tariff
D) civil service
11) President Benjamin Harrison was
notable for his 11) ______
A) resistance
to the demands for increased veterans' pensions.
B) flamboyant
waving of the "bloody shirt."
C) hard
work for civil service reform.
D) strong
advocacy of free trade.
12) Throughout the mid-1880s farmers on
the Plains experienced 12) ______
A) disastrous
crop destruction from grasshoppers and hail storms.
B) adequate
rainfall and bountiful harvests.
C) marginal
rainfall and barely profitable crops.
D) severe
drought and dustbowl conditions.
13) According to your text, the presidents
during the Gilded Age 13) ______
A) dominated
both houses of the Congress by their patronage powers.
B) were
lackluster leaders who showed little interest in important contemporary
questions.
C) took
strong stands on the issues, giving the voters clear choices.
D) were
often elected by landslides, but failed to carry out the voters' wishes.
14) Comparing and contrasting McKinley and Bryan
in the election of 1896, the text concludes that 14 ______
A)
B)
C) both
men were lackluster political hacks like most politicians of their era.
D) McKinley looked toward an idealized rural
past, but
15) During 1894 and 1895, at the beginning
of Grover Cleveland's presidency, the economy 15) ______
A) finally
stabilized after a decade of turbulence.
B) was
devastated by double-digit inflation.
C) floundered
in one of the worst depressions in American history.
D) surged
forward, bringing unrivaled prosperity to all sectors of the economy.
16) During the presidential campaign of 1896
the silver issue caused a split in the 16)
______
A) Democratic and the
Republican parties.
B)
Democratic party.
C) Populist
party.
D)
Republican party.
17) Many urban reformers resented the boss
system because it 17) ______
A) promoted
civil service reform.
B) encouraged women to vote.
C) led
to increased taxes for public services.
D) gave
political power to poor immigrants.
18) The platform of the People's or
Populist party called for a18) ______
A) graduated
income tax. B) social
security plan.
C) disarmament
treaty. D) high
tariff on farm produce.
19) The Gilded Age Republicans, who were
led by Roscoe Conkling and who believed in the blatant pursuit of the spoils of
office, were called the 19) ______
A) "Mugwumps."
B) "Stalwarts."
C)
"Irreconcilables." D) "Goo-Goos."
20) The group of "swing" states which
gained unusual prominence in presidential elections because of the sectional
nature of politics in the late nineteenth century included 20) ______
A)
C)
21) In the election of 1896, McKinley's
campaign manager who raised an enormous campaign fund from business was 21) ______
A) James G. Blaine. B) Marcus Alonzo Hanna.
C) Andrew Carnegie. D) Arthur Sewall.
22) The election of 1892 seemed to set up
a showdown in the election of 1896 on the issue of the 22) ______
A) civil service. B) tariff.
C) coinage
of silver. D) rights
of blacks to vote.
23) In 1881 President __________ was assassinated
by Charles Guiteau, an unbalanced office-seeker. 23) ______
A) Rutherford B. Hayes B) Benjamin Harrison
C) Grover Cleveland D) James A. Garfield
24) "We have just escaped from
. ..the danger of having our currency
adulterated and. . .a band of ignoramuses and anarchists put at the head of
what remained of the great American republic." This author's subject was the defeat of 24) ______
A) Benjamin
Harrison in 1892.
B) James G.
Blaine in 1884.
C) William
D) Grover
25) William Jennings Bryan discarded
tradition in 1896 by 25) ______
A) selecting
a third-party candidate as his running mate.
B) conducting
a "front porch" campaign for visiting delegations.
C) spending
millions of dollars on advertising.
D) traveling
throughout the country giving hundreds of speeches.
26) A leading magazine editor and
crusading reformer of the early twentieth century was 26) ______
A) Eugene V. Debs. B) E.A. Ross.
C) S.S. McClure. D) Theodore Roosevelt.
27) The 1910 "Ballinger-Pinchot"
controversy affair dealt with 27)
______
A) tariff
matters. B) life-insurance scandals.
C) conservation.
D) railroad
legislation.
28) The first progressive president and
the advocate of the "Square Deal" was 28) ______
A) Theodore Roosevelt.
B) William H. Taft.
C) William McKinley. D) Woodrow Wilson.
29) "Combinations in industry are the result
of an. . .economic law which cannot
be repealed by political legislation. . .The way out lies, not in attempting to
prevent such combinations, but in completely controlling them in the interest
of the public welfare. . ." The
above author was 29) ______
A) Woodrow Wilson. B) William H. Taft.
C) Theodore Roosevelt.
D) William McKinley.
30) The __________ plan was an urban reform,
pioneered in
A) mayoralty
B) home rule
C) city
manager D) direct-democracy
31) How did the theories of Sigmund Freud affect
the ideas and behavior of progressive intellectuals? 31) ______
A) They thought that Freud's
focus on behavior alone and total rejection of the existence of the unconscious
was a mistake.
B) They agreed with him that
eternal archetypes were the fundamental factors in understanding psychology.
C) They were especially
influenced by Freud's essentially dark view of human nature.
D) They often used Freud's
ideas as an excuse to reject Victorian prudery.
32) According to the map "The Woman Suffrage
Campaign," most states that did not have woman suffrage by 1914 and
opposed the Nineteenth Amendment in the House of Representatives were in the 32) ______
A) midwest. B) south. C) west. D) north.
33) Woodrow Wilson advocated a program
called the 33) ______
A) New Era. B) New Nationalism.
C) Square Deal. D) New Freedom.
34)
A) suing to have it dissolved
under the Sherman Antitrust Act.
B) hailing
it as an example of responsible behavior by big business.
C) summoning
J. P. Morgan and James J. Hill to the White House for a tongue-lashing.
D) threatening
to nationalize the railroads involved unless they voluntarily dissolved their
merger.
35) One of the most prominent black
militants of the progressive era was 35)
______
A) W. E. B. Du Bois. B) Oswald Garrison Villard.
C) Booker T. Washington. D) William English Walling.
36) During his second term, when the
progressive movement became steadily more liberal, Theodore Roosevelt 36) ______
A) criticized
it as socialistic.
B) also
took more liberal positions.
C) rejected
it completely in favor of a pro-business conservatism.
D) refused
to advance beyond his earlier moderate reforms.
37) Historians commonly date the
progressive era from the 37) ______
A) end
of the nineteenth century to American entry into World War I.
B) beginning
of World War I to World War II.
C) end
of the Spanish-American War to the Great Depression.
D) end
of the Civil War through World War I.
38) Robert La Follette
was associated with 38) ______
A) municipal
socialism and labor organizing.
B) muckraking
journalism and character assassination of leading businessmen.
C) promotion
of specialized technical knowledge and legislative reference services to
promote progressive reform.
D) prohibitions
on selling alcohol and tobacco.
39) In Muller v.
A) economic
and sociological evidence.
B) American legal precedent.
C) English, not American,
common law.
D) abstract,
rational principles, not legal precedent.
40) The organization formed in 1909 by a
group of liberal whites and blacks to eradicate racial discrimination was the 40) ______
A) Urban League.
B) Congress of Racial
Equality.
C) Southern Christian
Leadership Conference.
D) National Association for
the Advancement of Colored People.
41) Legislation protecting workers against
on-the-job accidents was inspired by the disastrous 41) ______
A) Iroquois
Theater fire.
B)
C) Hormel packinghouse
collapse.
D) Triangle shirtwaist
factory fire.
42) "Mr. Washington. . .has tended to make
whites, North and South, shift the burden of the Negro problem to the Negro's
shoulders and stand aside as critical and rather pessimistic spectators; when
in fact the burden belongs to the nation. . ." The above author was 42) ______
A) Frederick Douglass.
B) Carter G. Woodson.
C) Marcus Garvey. D) W. E. B. Du Bois.
43) The primary result of the 1906 Hepburn
Act was to 43) ______
A) make
the Interstate Commerce Commission more powerful and active.
B) prohibit
child labor in goods sold in interstate commerce.
C) preserve
millions of wilderness acres in the West.
D) require
federal inspection of meat sold overseas.
44) On the national level, the Progressive
Era saw the completion of the struggle for 44)
______
A) old
age and survivor's insurance.
B) black
voting rights.
C) women's
suffrage.
D) direct
election of the House of Representatives.
45) Among the basic factors that affected
whether people voted for Republicans or Democrats in the late nineteenth
century were 45) ______
A) their
gender and state of residence.
B) their
ethnic backgrounds and religious affiliations.
C) the
parties' stands on civil service reform and tariff policy.
D) the
parties' stands on monetary policy and black rights.
46) Headed by Florence Kelley and
associated with lawyer Louis Brandeis, the most effective women's organization
of the Progressive Era was the 46)
______
A) Consumer's League. B) Congressional
C) League of Women Voters.
D) Women's Trade Union League.
47) One example of the progressive drive
for political democracy was the Seventeenth Amendment which 47) ______
A) required
the popular election of senators.
B) prohibited
the poll taxes and literacy tests which the South used to prevent most blacks
from voting.
C) gave
women the right to vote.
D) required
the popular election of the president.
48) Theodore Roosevelt believed that the
most effective means of dealing with big corporations was to 48) ______
A) break
up all trusts and monopolies.
B) regulate
rather than eliminate them.
C) nationalize
basic industries.
D) use
the Sherman Antitrust Act to restore free competition.
49) Theodore Roosevelt handpicked __________ to
succeed him and carry out his policies. 49)
______
A) Woodrow Wilson B) Charles Evans
Hughes
C) William Howard Taft D) William McKinley
50) When it was passed in 1913, the
Federal Reserve Act 50) ______
A) gave
the country a central banking system for the first time since Andrew Jackson.
B) removed
C) deprived
the federal government of its power to provide flexibility or safety to the
currency.
D) decentralized
and democratized the federal banking system.
51) Taft's major liability as president
was his 51) ______
A) sweeping
use of executive power.
B) combination
of a lack of vigor and political ineptness.
C) total
reversal of
D) almost
total lack of previous political experience.
52) Upton Sinclair's novel The Jungle
exposed 52) ______
A) corruption
in
B) filthy
conditions in
C) insider
manipulations in the stock market.
D) rigged
voting in the Senate.
53) Progressive reformers tended to
believe that 53) ______
A) the
solution to social problems was to change faulty institutions.
B) the
solution to social problems was individual conversion to Christianity.
C) social
evils were due to human weakness.
D) social
evils were due to human sinfulness.
54) The painters, such as Robert Henri and
George Luks, who sympathized with the progressive reforms and who painted city
slum scenes were called the 54) ______
A) progressive
realists. B) abstract
expressionists.
C) impressionists.
D) ashcan
artists.
55) According to your text, the
progressives were 55) ______
A) a
totally brand-new movement.
B) strong
advocates of equality for blacks.
C) challenging
the fundamental principles of capitalism.
D) never
a single group seeking a single objective.
56) Progressive-era journalists who
investigated corruption and fraud in American business and politics were called
56) ______
A) muckrakers.
B) whistle
blowers.
C) paper
tigers. D) yellow
journalists.
ESSAY. Write your
answer on a separate sheet of paper.
57) Describe the major characteristics of city
governments in the Gilded Age. Analyze
the major problems they faced and how effectively they solved them.
58) Explain how Populism emerged from the
agricultural discontent of the late nineteenth century. Describe the major values, programs, and
figures associated with Populism.
59) Explain why Theodore Roosevelt is often seen
as the first progressive president.
Evaluate his major achievements, programs, and goals as a president and
later as a presidential candidate.
60) Describe the typical progressive reforms at
the municipal, state, and national levels.
Summarize the most important problems the progressives tried to
solve. Explain their basic goals.